10 Interesting Specifics about Mughal Dynasty
Mughal Dynasty ruled over the sub-continent from 1526 to 1857. Babur was the first Mughal Emperor who was the founder of the Mughal Dynasty. He came from Uzbekistan to India. Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurang Zaib are popular and praise-worthy descendants of Babur.
Here are 10 remarkable facts about Mughal Dynasty that are enough to develop an interest in Mughal Dynasty:
1- Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur
Babur, who established the Mughal Dynasty ruled over the sub-continent from 1526 to 1857. Babur was the first Mughal Emperor who was admired as the founder of the Mughal Dynasty. He came from Uzbekistan to India. The Empire was a true fighter. From his father’s side, he was the fifth descendant of Timur Lung, whereas the 14th successor of Ghanghiz Khan was from his mother’s side. When he was just 12, he ascended the reign of Ferghana. When he turned 14, he attacked Samarkand, Uzbekistan. He fought many battles till 1505, when his age was just 22 years. He had been trying to occupy India for 20 years, but he failed. In 1526, he selected Delhi as his final target. Ibrahim Lodhi was the ruler of Delhi. There were one hundred thousand soldiers in Ibrahim Lodhi’s military. Comparatively, Babur had just 12000 soldiers; however, all the soldiers were mighty.
Furthermore, soldiers had an ideal association and companionship. On 20th April 1526, Ibrahim Lodhi became the prey of Babur. One thousand elephants of Lodhi and one hundred thousand soldiers fell in Babur’s trap. Lodhi’s soldiers had no way to escape. Swivel guns and cannonballs made the elephants out of control, and they started killing their own army. Bowman of Babur attacked the disorganized soldiers. Babur succeeded in the Panipat battle and killed the Sultan of Delhi.
2- Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad, better known Humayun
Humayun was the son of Babur and the second Mughal ruler. He was Opium addicted, and excessive use of Opium became the reason for his death. One day, when he was intoxicated, he slipped from library stairs and died.
3- Abu’l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar
The greatest triumph of Akbar was his city Fatehpur Sikri which was colonized on a mountain. There was no population on that mountain. In 1584, an English tourist Rolph Fitch came to Sub-continent. He wrote in his book that Fatehpur Sikri was greater than London. No doubt, Akbar was a successful ruler. He established this city under his supervision. Even he helped in making the map of this city. During Mughal rein, Agra was the capital; however, Akbar selected Fatehpur Sikri capital of the Sub-continent. From 1570 to 1585, Fatehpur Sikri remained the Capital of the Mughal Empire. Unluckily, they left the city due to a shortage of water. It did not happen in history that a great city was established and then left desolate after 15 years of its establishment.
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4- Buland Gate
King Akbar made the largest gate of the world in Fatehpur Sikri. It is known as the Buland Gate. It was developed in 1601 and the gate is 177 feet high.
5- Din-e-Elahi
Akbar gave respect to all religions. During his reign, great posts were given to the Hindu people. Even he brought to an end the Capitation tax imposed on non-Muslims. He married Rajput queen Jodha and did not ask her to accept Islam. For her beloved wife, Akbar made a temple in Fatehpur Sikri. In 1582, Akbar announced a new religion and it was given the name “Din-e-Elahi”.
In this religion, Akbar amalgamated the good deeds from all religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Christianity, Jainism, and Zoroastrianism. Akbar accepted the new faith, but Din-e-Elahi could not get recognition. Just 19 people acknowledged the new religion.
6- Severe Punishment
During Mughal rule, the way to punish the nasty person was horrible. Elephant used to smash up his chest or his head.
7- Kohinoor Dimond and Takht-e-Taus
Everyone knows about Kohinoor, but there is something more interesting and valuable than Kohinoor that was once existed in Sub-continent. Most people do not know about Takht-e-Taus. It was the priceless jeweled throne. Shah Jahan ordered to have a special Takht for his Diwan-e-Khas. Great artisans took seven years just to develop this throne. The throne had costly 500 pounds gemstones and above 2500 pounds of gold. There were two peacocks jeweled with Ruby. “Taus” is an Arabic word that means Peacock.
Therefore, it was also known as Peacock Throne. During the 17th Century, the price of this throne was in billions.
8- Takht-e-Taus
It was brought in the darbar on special occasions. First, it was placed in Agra Fort then it was brought to the Red Fort Delhi. No other emperor made such a great throne before and even after Shah Jahan.
When the king of Iran, “Nadar Shah,” invaded Delhi, he took all the wealth along with Takht-e-Taus to Iran. In 1747, Nadir Shah died, and then the costly throne disappeared unexpectedly. Up till now, nobody has retrieved the throne.
9- Kohinoor was embedded in Takht-e-Taus
Once in history, the precious Kohinoor was embedded in Takht-e-Taus. Kohinoor said that whoever is the owner of Kohinoor is also the possessor of the whole world. During the Mughal period, the price of Kohinoor was high enough to give meals to people of the world as a whole for two days. This diamond was in the protection of Mughals till 1739. The king of Iran, Nadir Shah, robbed the Kohinoor cleverly while exchanging the turban with the Mughal king. The diamond remained in possession of many Mughal emperors and Irani rulers. Later on, English men seized this priceless diamond, and it is still in their custody.
10- Aurang Zaib
Among all Mughal emperors, Aurang Zaib was the only ruler who did not drink alcohol. He was known as the cruelest head of state who re-charged the capitation tax that Akbar abolished. Even he killed his three brothers. The poets of that time wrote about his cruel acts.
11- Hubble Bubble – Huqqa
The hubble bubble is a Mughal period invention. Europe brought tobacco to the sub-continent in the 16th Century. An Iran-based doctor Abul Fateh Gilani invented huqqa or hubble-bubble in Fatehpur Sikri.
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